![]() ![]() must rely on camouflage/speed to survive.Once I opened it, this horrendous smell came out of it. ![]() In males, the base of the "thumb" become thickens to help grasp female No Claws Frogs legs do not end in claws and so are not good fighters like most advanced land dwellers. ![]() Nictitating Membrane (Anatomy) special extra eyelid attached to bottom of eye Nictitating Membrane (Physiology) (goggles) protects eyes underneath water/keeps eye surface moist, humans have one! Vocal Sac (Anatomy) rarely able to be detected in preserved frogs, not present in females, lower back art of chin in males is expandable forming one or two vocal sacs Vocal Sac (Physiology) not present in females, when filled with air amplifies vibrations produced by vocal cords, the calls are used to lure females for mating Hind Legs (Anatomy) back legs, three parts: strong 'thigh' (largest part), foreleg, and long 'foot' (like our ankle) webbing in btwn toes makes swimming more efficient Hind Legs (Physiology) allows for jumping and strong swim strokes Front Legs (Physiology) used to prop up body, absorb shock after jumps, and help frog hold/clean prey. Males = larger ear than eye, Females = similar size Eyes (Anatomy) eyes stick out of the top of head, circular eye with horizontal eye pupils Eyes (Physiology) stick out of the top of head, widening their field of vision to detect predators/locate prey. External Nares (Anatomy) (nostrils) pair of small openings slightly above the tip of frog's nose, open and close as they breathe/smell (not in fish) Tympanic Membrane (Anatomy) located behind eyes, large circle Tympanic Membrane (Physiology) acts as an ear/ear drum, senses vibrations, helps avoid predators, locate prey, and find mates. Body Shape and Texture hydrodynamics → efficient swimming is aided by the frog's smooth skin and streamlines head and trunk Skin camouflage (top 1/2 of body is dark like the bottom of a lake, while bottom 1/2 is light like the sky, hard for predators to find), glands (mucus glands secrete a slimy material that helps retain water, slippery, hydrodynamic) some secrete poison Mouth (Physiology) large compared to rest of head/body. these "early legged" animal do not have claws like more advanced animals do Evolution Evidence (jelly-like eggs) like most fish, frogs use external fertilization (sperm not placed in egg), and eggs require water environment to survive. Less advantageous without Evolution Evidence (no claws) since the legs evolved from fins, they didn't evolve claws. etc Evolution Evidence (tapole) early frog stages have two obvious fish structures: gills and a laterally flattened tail Evolution Evidence (no neck) like fish, frogs have no neck. Where it is, how it obtains energy, how it interacts with both its physical environment and with other species Evolution Evidence - main many scientists think amphibians evolved from fish due to shared traits, early stages of metamorphosis. ![]() During metamorphosis, the small mouth widens to allow the adult to shift to beings carnivore Niche helps control the populations of various insects and serving as food for organisms such as fish, snakes and birds Niche definition The role of an organism in an ecosystem. takes between 12 and 16 weeks what happens to the frog during metamorphosis? the tail gradually disappears, front and rear legs sprout and grow, the gills are replaced by lungs, small mouth widens allowing the adult to switch from herbivore to carnivore Leopard Frog Feeding during tadpole stage the frogs are herbivores, feeding off algae and other small plants in the water. Dorsal (Orientation) back/top side Anterior (Orientation) front of the body/head, "front end" (cranial) Posterior (Orientation) toward the tail, behind "rear end" (clavicle) Lateral (Orientation) sides of the body Leopard Frog Reproduction EXTERNAL (↑ odds of fertilization, sperm + egg join outside of female's body, amplexus) female lays eggs in clusters in water, after developing inside the jelly-like egg the tadpole emerges Leopard Frog Metamorphosis frogs go through complete metamorphosis egg→tadpole(live on algae and aquatic plants)→froglets→frog. ![]()
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